方磊，冯晓文，秦修远，曹珂璐，张江涛，李国明*，刘文颖*
（中国食品发酵工业研究院有限公司，北京市蛋白功能肽工程技术研究中心，北京100015）
摘要：在制备牡蛎肽的基础上，探讨其抗过敏性和低致敏性。结果表明，牡蛎肽氨基酸组成丰富，含有较高的人体必需氨基酸和支链氨基酸；牡蛎肽相对分子质量小于1000 u 的水解物占比高达90.4267%，易于人体直接吸收。透明质酸酶体外抑制试验和RBL-2H3 体外细胞模型显示牡蛎肽能显著抑制透明质酸酶的活性，对RBL-2H3 细胞组胺的释放也具有较好的抑制作用；ELISA和等温滴定量热试验表明，牡蛎肽与过敏血清IgE 的反应性与牡蛎蛋白相比明显降低（P<0.05），牡蛎肽与致敏血清IgE 的结合常数也小于牡蛎蛋白，说明牡蛎肽具有良好的抗过敏性和低致敏活性，为其作为新型配料应用于功能性运动饮料、保健食品奠定了基础。
关键词：牡蛎肽；氨基酸组成；分子量；抗过敏和低致敏性
Study on the Characteristics of Oyster Peptides and their Antiallergic and Hypoallergenic Activities
FANG Lei，FENG Xiao-wen，QIN Xiu-yuan，CAO Ke-lu，ZHANG Jiang-tao，LI Guo-ming*，LIUWen-ying*
（China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd.，Beijing Engineering Research Center
of Protein & Functional Peptides，Beijing 100015，China）
Abstract: Based on the preparation of oyster peptides，the antiallergic and hypoallergenic activities of oyster peptides were studied. The results showed that the amino acid composition of oyster peptides was rich and contained high essential amino acids and branched chain amino acids. The molecular weight distribution of oyster peptides indicated
that the hydrolysates with molecular weight less than 1000 u accounted for up to 90.4267%，which was easy to be directly absorbed by human body. In vitro inhibition assay of hyaluronidase and RBL-2H3 cell model showed that oyster peptides could significantly inhibit the activity of hyaluronidase，and inhibited the release of histamine from
RBL- 2H3 cells；ELISA and isothermal titration calorimetry suggested that the reactivity of oyster peptides with allergic serum IgE was significantly lower than that of oyster protein （P<0.05）. The binding constant of oyster peptides to allergic serum IgE was also significantly lower than that of oyster protein，indicating that oyster peptides had good antiallergic and hypoallergenic activities，which laid a foundation for their application as new ingredients in functional sports beverage and health food.
Key words: oyster peptides；amino acid composition；molecular weight；antiallergic and hypoallergenic activities
（2020年 第23卷 第3期）